I know you cannot hear tone in a text reply, so I can only hope that you believe me when I say that Im not trying to be difficult with you or that Im angry at you. WoW! Bengel himself was a conscientious scholar, though prone to fits of erratic exegesis, like his prediction, based on an idiosyncratic interpretation of chronological statements in the Book of Revelation, that Christ would return on 18th June 1836! Allen notes that the actual text of Hippocrates in Galens day was essentially the same as that of the mediaeval MSS [just as] the text of [Homer in] the first century B.C. I cover this fact with proof in the article, under the heading The Biblical Case for the Doctrine of Preservation. It was a combination of primarily Westcott & Hotts work, along with two other Greek New Testaments. Variants must never be treated in isolation, but always considered in the context of the tradition. My guess and its only a guess is that the Latin Vulgate had the plural (staves) and so the KJV translators went with that. The New Westminster Dictionary of the Bible concurs, It should be noted, however, that there is no prominent Biblical MS. in which there occur suchgross cases of misspelling,faulty grammar, andomission, as in B [Vaticanus].. It doesnt depend on you or your words. Heres the same verse properly translated, in an (unfinished) translation thats fast becoming my favorite. Prefer readings in manuscripts that habitually contain better readings, which is more certain if its also an older manuscript and if it doesnt contain combinations of other variations, All distinctively Syrian (Byzantine) readings, Kurt Aland considers Greek manuscripts which are purely or predominately Byzantine to be , The overwhelming majority of readings, almost all variants, and practically all the substantive variants in the text of the New Testament, in the Gospels, its a Byzantine text largely, in the rest of the New Testament, it is largely Alexandrian, Prefer readings in manuscripts that habitually contain better readings. This position takes its name from where it starts: a confession of faith. Source: The New Westminster Dictionary of the Bible. His prophecy wont fail. I say intentionally because in at least one place, theres no other reason to translate the way they did other than a desire to change the text. In fact, the most common type of Textual Variant is spelling differences, often a single letter. So they used all those old Alexandrian manuscripts that the author of that article hated. God bless! . Your article clarified a few things for me and added some detail. The 1% argument almost makes it seem not to matter between the TR and Alexandrian-focused textual lines but maybe that only applies to the NASB 1995 for reasons you indicated in the other article? And he said, What shall I cry? Do you have a post describing the actual biblical texts that have meaningful differences between the majority and critical texts? Also, if you want to look up Greek or Hebrew words words, I highly recommend the interlinear bible on biblehub.com. The Doctrine of Preservation of Scripture is the foundation problem that exists with those who question the authority of the Bible. And so saying, he took down from the corner of the room a bulky kind of volume, wrapped up in a red cloth, and laid it before me. I mean, how arbitrary can you get? 6 The words of the LORD are pure words: as silver tried in a furnace of earth, purified seven times. Some of these translations included Luther's German Bible, William Tyndale's English translation, as well as the King James Version. Make straight in the desert The Textus Receptus constituted the translation-base for the original German Luther Bible, the translation of the New Testament into English by William Tyndale, the King James Version, the Spanish Reina-Valera translation, the Czech Bible of Kralice, and most Reformation-era New Testament translations throughout Western and Central Europe. Theres no other evidence for this so take with a grain of salt but they are the only two manuscripts that share that characteristic. Surely the people are grass. Further, the Bible doesnt live or abide because its a book. Sorry for the delay. 19. 16 So the last will be first, and the first will be last.. I have to say that spiritually, I agree with your Spoiler Alert and recommendations before I even read them The Holy Spirit truly guides us into all truth! 23 having been born again, not of corruptible seed but incorruptible, through the Word of God (Jesus) which lives and abides forever, All flesh is as grass, For example, lets say that three scribes copied from the original, and one of them made an error. That gives you some idea of how many more Bibles must have existed in the world. Erasmus also lacked a complete copy of the Book of Revelation and translated the last six verses back into Greek from the Latin Vulgate to finish his edition. (You can see one such set of rules here, as part of a longer treatise on the Majority Text.). Not only is the parallel between NT transmissional history and that of Homer striking, it would appear that normal scribal activity and transmissional continuity would preserve in most manuscripts not only a very ancient text, but, Origen, the Alexandrian church father in the early third century, said, the extant versional manuscripts are virtually triple the extant Greek manuscripts in number. The litmus verse in 1 Cor is classically Critical-Text butchered but they also have the virgin option written in the inline notes for the verse (these are footnotes in a cheap printed binding of this version which I have of this text). You yourself said her own was added for clarity, and that changes the meaning, without textual basis. The Alexandrian text type will need little introduction because nearly all modern Bibles are based on the Alexandrian text type. There are only two reasons for this: (1) its nearly complete, (2) the older is better mantra. Textus Receptus is Latin for "Received Text." It was used as the textual base for the vernacular translations that arose during the Reformation period. Not only do Homers works have more manuscript evidence available than any other piece of classical literature (though far less than that available for the NT), but Homer also is represented by MSS from a wide chronological and geographical range, from the early papyri through the uncials and Byzantine-era minuscules. You can read Tischendorfs entire account of finding it in his own words here. And the rough places smooth; 5 The glory of the Lord shall be revealed, According to Textus Receptus Bibles (.com), there are no less than 27 different versions of the Textus Receptus! The assumption is that each manuscript was copied a relatively equal number of times. We wont spend much time on these because the Westcott & Hort rules were more influential. It simply means He has promised to preserve His Word for His true church in every generation. All the theistic evolutionists tend to use the humanistic viewpoint when explaining the first 3 chapters of Genesis. We dont have to wonder whether God merely preserved His thoughts, or His ideas. I will devote no more space to it in this article because I dont think it relevant, and only mentioned it for completeness. I must admit it took me 2 evenings to seriously digest the information, take notes, cross reference and meditate on the essay. The [fourth-century] text of Chrysostom and other Syrian [= Byzantine] fathers [is] substantially identical with the common late text, The fundamental text of late extant Greek MSS generally is beyond all question identical with the dominant Antiochian [= Byzantine] text of the second half of the fourth century The Antiochian Fathers and the bulk of extant MSS must have had in the greater number of extant variations a common original either contemporary with or older than our oldest extant MSS, Introduction to the New Testament in the Original Greek: With Notes on Selected Readings by Westcott & Hort. No Scholar . Metzger translated these words as, Fool and knave, cant you leave the old reading alone, and not alter it! Another rendering: Untrained troublemaker, forgive the ancient [reading]; do not convert it. He re-wrote , erasing most of the correctors . Again I must ask, which specific text/manuscript do you consider to be perfect/perfectly preserved? I pray you will seek the truth at all costs. sadly skipped because So no, the entire Codex Sinaiticus wasnt going to be burned. These divisions arent hard and fast, but rather provide a framework to talk about the different Textual Variants. See Biblia Hebraica Quinta (BHQ) Fourth fascicle: Proverbs Accessed March 26, 2011, 4. I want to get as close as possible to the original text. Codex Sinaiticus is among the worst manuscripts we have. These findings include but arent limited to Papyrus from the 200s and 300s. I recommend my article: A Few Fun Things About Biblical (Koine) Greek since I have some resources at the end which should help. We have thereby passed beyond purely numerical relations, and the necessity of examining the genealogy of both minority and majority has become apparent. The Alexandrian text type is slightly shorter than the Byzantine text type. Why discard a Text Type that remained virtually unchanged for 1000+ years? Thus your eye jumps from Second, Im hoping to steer the discussion on biblical text somewhat in the direction of not completely dismissing the Byzantine text out of hand. Your misunderstanding of the mysterious yet Biblical spiritual oneness of the Living Word and the written Word baffle me! However, you havent answered my question as you said you would, even in a short form as I did your questions. Read reviews from world's largest community for readers. However, this will hopefully provide a better background for you when making your own decisions about source texts. Despite the Byzantine text type being vindicated by extremely early manuscript findings, there remains a persistent bias against Byzantine readings for no apparent reason. (This is made even more clear by the chiastic structure of 1 Corinthians 11:2-16, which places verse 10 at the apex/focal point). However, the Alexandrian text type is 200 years older. Biblical quotations of the earliest church fathers are always Its just about the only translation that renders it properly as sons of Israel instead of children/people of Israel in the OT. The following is regarding the Alexandrian text type manuscripts. Metropolitan Hilarion (Alfeyev) notes: (Side note: Ive spent some time in the marketing world in my life. About the myth of Erasmus backtranslation, this site references some sources: because the next line also I would also suggest you look at the Biblehub.com interlinear bible for looking up original words. ), The 1633 Elzevir was extremely similar to the other editions mentioned, especially the Beza 1565. Persecution under Septimus Severus (202-210). Again, well go back to Westcott & Hort because they did the original work that virtually all modern New Testament translations are based on. God Bless, and venture forth armed with knowledge. Note, all of the above are very similar. Now consider the mass of evidenceagainstthe concept of tenacity:the hundreds of singular readings that appears in ancient manuscripts, but of which there is no trace in later manuscripts. When do you think the church lost the true preserved Word of God? They do a bit of tap-dancing in their Introduction to the NT indicating theyve taken a different route than Westcott & Hort. This looks like it completely destroys the Majority Text theory but does it? Byzantine or Alexandrian Solving the Bible Versions Debate by John Aziza Before beginning this terrain let's define a construction terms that ensue no vocabulary is left . However, even the worst of these can tell you about the presence or absence of a verse. (And many of these variants would be spelling errors. You can read the full list here, but it contains the actual Greek variations so youll need to know Greek to read it. Yes, thats the book for me, Read James 1:18. Thank you for your hard work. (her is supplied and not in the original but makes it clear that it is the womans head that the symbol is placed upon). Or perhaps youd use all of three, using the combination to correct the few small variants between them. Semler took up Bengels initiatives in the text-critical field, and Griesbach followed on from Semler. I have some controversial articles for which Id prefer not to be doxxed, so Im going to keep my real name off the website. The parallels to the NT transmissional situation are remarkably similar, since the Homeric texts exist in three forms: one shorter, one longer, and one in-between. He also raised us up with him and seated us with him in the heavens in Christ Jesus, so that in the coming ages he might display the immeasurable riches of his grace through his kindness to us in Christ Jesus. The WEB is the first major translation to use the Majority Text. 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